Read the following passage carefully and choose the option that provides the most accurate and comprehensive summary of the central argument presented by the author. Ensure the chosen option captures the core logical progression without omitting essential nuances or introducing external information.

The traditional economic doctrine of shareholder primacy, which posits that the sole social responsibility of a corporation is to increase its profits, is increasingly viewed as an insufficient framework for the complexities of the twenty-first-century marketplace. Proponents of stakeholder capitalism argue that a firm is an embedded social institution whose long-term viability is contingent upon the well-being of its employees, customers, and the environment. While critics contend that this multi-fiduciary approach dilutes corporate accountability and subverts the property rights of owners, the rising prevalence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) metrics suggests a pragmatic shift. This evolution reflects a growing recognition that systemic risks, such as climate change and social inequality, are not merely externalities but are internal to the long-term capital preservation of the firm itself.

Options:

(A) Shareholder primacy is an outdated economic doctrine that is being replaced by stakeholder capitalism because the latter is more ethically superior and prioritizes social equality over corporate profit.

(B) Although stakeholder capitalism is criticized for reducing owner accountability, the adoption of ESG metrics indicates a transition toward a model that views social and environmental health as essential to a firm's long-term financial survival.

(C) The rise of ESG metrics proves that corporations have finally abandoned the goal of profit maximization in favor of solving systemic global issues like climate change and environmental degradation.

(D) Corporate accountability is being undermined by the shift from shareholder primacy to stakeholder capitalism, as property rights are subverted by an focus on externalities that are unrelated to capital preservation.